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This report documents the program and the outcomes of Dagstuhl Seminar 15402 "Self-assembly and Self-organization in Computer Science and Biology". With the trend of technological systems to become more distributed they tend to resemble closer biological systems. Biological systems on all scale are distributed and most often operate without central coordination. Taking the morphogenesis as an example, it is clear that the complexity and precision of distributed mechanisms in biology supersedes our current design attempts to distributed systems. The seminar assembled together researchers from computer science, engineering, physics and molecular biology working on the problem of decentralized coordination of distributed systems. Within every domain different terms have been coined, different analysis methods have been developed and applied and the seminar aims to foster the exchange of methods and the instantiation and alignment of important problem statements that can span across the disciplines. A representative example for a problem that is studied across domains through different methods is self-assembly. For example, computer scientists consider abstract self-assembly models such as Wang tiles to bound shape complexities while polymer physicists and biologists use molecular dynamics simulations to characterize self-assembly by means of energy and entropy. Because of its well-definedness, we deliberately placed emphasis on self-assembly that is otherwise entailed in the more general term self-organization. Within the domain of self-organization various research threads were represented at the seminar and a certain convergence of underlying concepts was possible. The seminar helped to exchange techniques from different domains and to agree on certain problem statements for future collaborations.