Sharifzadeh, Atiyehsadat (2023)
HCN4 pacemaker channels as potential therapeutic targets based on their novel structural properties.
Technische Universität Darmstadt
doi: 10.26083/tuprints-00024625
Ph.D. Thesis, Primary publication, Publisher's Version
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Item Type: | Ph.D. Thesis | ||||
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Type of entry: | Primary publication | ||||
Title: | HCN4 pacemaker channels as potential therapeutic targets based on their novel structural properties | ||||
Language: | English | ||||
Referees: | Thiel, Prof. Dr. Gerhard ; Moroni, Prof. Dr. Anna | ||||
Date: | 4 October 2023 | ||||
Place of Publication: | Darmstadt | ||||
Collation: | 120 Seiten | ||||
Date of oral examination: | 24 April 2023 | ||||
DOI: | 10.26083/tuprints-00024625 | ||||
Abstract: | Over the past few years, single particle cryogenic electron microscopy (cryo-EM) has made impressive impacts on the research field of structural biology of large eukaryotic membrane proteins. These are, indeed, challenging proteins for structural biology as they have a low yield of expression and thus purification. Their low purification yield originates from the fact that they require an expression in complex cell systems, such as mammalian cell lines. These systems provide them with the suitable physiological environment for their proper maturation but limit their over-expression. This makes them generally not suitable for classical methods of structural biology such as X-ray and NMR. But in the advent of improved cryo-EM methods it turned out that even a small amount of pure protein may often be sufficient for structural studies with this new technology. In this context, the present PhD thesis is focused on setting the procedure for the expression and for the subsequent purification of a large eukaryotic protein in mammalian HEK293F. The purified protein of interest, the Hyperpolarization activated and Cyclic Nucleotide regulated (HCN4) pacemaker channel, was eventually used to obtain high resolution structures of the channel in the open and closed state by cryo-EM. This allowed to unravel the structural determinants of key phenomena of HCN channel function such as gating/ion permeation, and the HCN4 specific cyclic nucleotide-dependent modulation. Furthermore, the protocol of HCN4 purification that I have set here has also opened in combination with the structural information the possibility of performing biochemical studies with the full-length protein. This led to the identification and characterization of drugs, which can modulate HCN function in an isoform specific manner. Here I show the successful use of purified HCN4 to detect and quantify ligand binding with molecules whose interaction with the channel protein was so far impossible with classical biochemistry. The most important outcome of this work is the use of purified HCN4 as a bait in a yeast displayed nanobody library. This screening endeavour resulted in the discovery of new nanobodies, which can modulate with high affinity HCN channel function in an isoform specific manner. This may eventually lead to the first HCN4 specific drug for targeting cardiac arrhythmias related to the malfunction of this pacemaker channel. |
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Status: | Publisher's Version | ||||
URN: | urn:nbn:de:tuda-tuprints-246254 | ||||
Classification DDC: | 500 Science and mathematics > 570 Life sciences, biology | ||||
Divisions: | 10 Department of Biology > Plant Membrane Biophyscis (20.12.23 renamed in Biology of Algae and Protozoa) | ||||
Date Deposited: | 04 Oct 2023 11:05 | ||||
Last Modified: | 05 Oct 2023 10:05 | ||||
URI: | https://tuprints.ulb.tu-darmstadt.de/id/eprint/24625 | ||||
PPN: | 512031231 | ||||
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