Wagner, Stephan (2022)
Advanced Characterization of Fe-N-C Catalysts using Nuclear Resonance Techniques.
Technische Universität Darmstadt
doi: 10.26083/tuprints-00022019
Ph.D. Thesis, Primary publication, Publisher's Version
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Item Type: | Ph.D. Thesis | ||||
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Type of entry: | Primary publication | ||||
Title: | Advanced Characterization of Fe-N-C Catalysts using Nuclear Resonance Techniques | ||||
Language: | English | ||||
Referees: | Kramm, Prof. Dr. Ulrike I. ; Schünemann, Prof. Dr. Volker | ||||
Date: | 2022 | ||||
Place of Publication: | Darmstadt | ||||
Collation: | 119, xxv, d Seiten | ||||
Date of oral examination: | 14 January 2022 | ||||
DOI: | 10.26083/tuprints-00022019 | ||||
Abstract: | Catalyst systems for fuel cell applications are an important and auspicious aspect to turn the fossil fuel-based economy into a sustainable one based on regenerative energy stocks like solar, wind and water power. To efficiently regulate the demand and consumption of energy from such sources, a suitable storage medium is crucial. One such medium is hydrogen, which serves as a means for easy transportation, storage, direct energy conversion, or as a feedstock for additional chemical processes. The high costs of precious metals like platinum, which is most commonly used as catalysts in fuel cells, is one reason for the high acquisition costs of such systems and one reason that hydrogen has been largely neglected as a medium for commercial applications so far. New synthesis and fabrication approaches have reduced the overall use of platinum group metals (PGMs) as catalysts but such systems remain expensive in comparison to fossil fuels. For the use in fuel cells, a nature-inspired catalyst system based on iron, nitrogen and carbon, the so called Fe-N-Cs, can be a cheaper alternative to precious group metal (PGM) catalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). They have the advantage of high abundance of the three required elements and the fact that the preparation based on various and cheap precursors. To replace PGM catalysts by Fe-N-Cs, performance and lifetime need to reach specific target values. Therefore, knowledge about the structure and reaction mechanism are crucial to fully comprehend their degradation and durability behavior in order to replace platinum-based catalysts in fuel cell applications. In this work, Fe-N-C catalysts are examined using a custom-made, operando fuel cell assembly that is installed at a synchrotron beamline to characterize the catalyst’s active site under operation conditions by nuclear forward scattering (NFS). NFS has the advantage of much faster measurement time in comparison to Mössbauer spectroscopy, while the spectra are much more difficult to analyze. In addition, Mössbauer spectroscopy (MS), nuclear inelastic scattering (NIS) and rotating disc electrode (RDE) of as prepared and deactivated catalysts, fuel cell measurements and post mortem analyses were performed and assessed as suitable techniques to conspicuous the active site. These techniques were accomplished in cooperation by electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR), as well as density functional theory (DFT) calculations for the interpretation of NIS. |
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Status: | Publisher's Version | ||||
URN: | urn:nbn:de:tuda-tuprints-220195 | ||||
Classification DDC: | 500 Science and mathematics > 530 Physics 500 Science and mathematics > 540 Chemistry 600 Technology, medicine, applied sciences > 620 Engineering and machine engineering 600 Technology, medicine, applied sciences > 660 Chemical engineering |
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Divisions: | 07 Department of Chemistry > Eduard Zintl-Institut > Fachgebiet Anorganische Chemie > Catalysts and Electrocatalysts | ||||
TU-Projects: | Bund/BMBF|05K16RD1|NUKFER | ||||
Date Deposited: | 29 Aug 2022 12:04 | ||||
Last Modified: | 30 Aug 2022 11:15 | ||||
URI: | https://tuprints.ulb.tu-darmstadt.de/id/eprint/22019 | ||||
PPN: | 498706516 | ||||
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