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Estimating water balance components in irrigated agriculture using a combined approach of soil moisture and energy balance monitoring, and numerical modelling

Schulz, Stephan ; Becker, Rike ; Richard‐Cerda, Juan Carlos ; Usman, Muhammad ; Beek, Tim aus der ; Merz, Ralf ; Schüth, Christoph (2024)
Estimating water balance components in irrigated agriculture using a combined approach of soil moisture and energy balance monitoring, and numerical modelling.
In: Hydrological Processes, 2021, 35 (3)
doi: 10.26083/tuprints-00020145
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Item Type: Article
Type of entry: Secondary publication
Title: Estimating water balance components in irrigated agriculture using a combined approach of soil moisture and energy balance monitoring, and numerical modelling
Language: English
Date: 13 February 2024
Place of Publication: Darmstadt
Year of primary publication: 2021
Place of primary publication: New York
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Journal or Publication Title: Hydrological Processes
Volume of the journal: 35
Issue Number: 3
Collation: 14 Seiten
DOI: 10.26083/tuprints-00020145
Corresponding Links:
Origin: Secondary publication DeepGreen
Abstract:

Information on water balance components such as evapotranspiration and groundwater recharge are crucial for water management. Due to differences in physical conditions, but also due to limited budgets, there is not one universal best practice, but a wide range of different methods with specific advantages and disadvantages. In this study, we propose an approach to quantify actual evapotranspiration, groundwater recharge and water inflow, i.e. precipitation and irrigation, that considers the specific conditions of irrigated agriculture in warm, arid environments. This approach does not require direct measurements of precipitation or irrigation quantities and is therefore suitable for sites with an uncertain data basis. For this purpose, we combine soil moisture and energy balance monitoring, remote sensing data analysis and numerical modelling using Hydrus. Energy balance data and routine weather data serve to estimate ET0. Surface reflectance data from satellite images (Sentinel‐2) are used to derive leaf area indices, which help to partition ET0 into energy limited evaporation and transpiration. Subsequently, first approximations of water inflow are derived based on observed soil moisture changes. These inflow estimates are used in a series of forward simulations that produce initial estimates of drainage and ETact, which in turn help improve the estimate of water inflow. Finally, the improved inflow estimates are incorporated into the model and then a parameter optimization is performed using the observed soil moisture as the reference figure. Forward simulations with calibrated soil parameters result in final estimates for ETact and groundwater recharge. The presented method is applied to an agricultural test site with a crop rotation of cotton and wheat in Punjab, Pakistan. The final model results, with an RMSE of 2.2% in volumetric water content, suggest a cumulative ETact and groundwater recharge of 769 and 297 mm over a period of 281 days, respectively. The total estimated water inflow accounts for 946 mm, of which 77% originates from irrigation.

Uncontrolled Keywords: actual evapotranspiration, ground heat flux, groundwater recharge, Hydrus, irrigation, net radiation, Sentinel‐2, soil moisture
Identification Number: Artikel-ID: e14077
Status: Publisher's Version
URN: urn:nbn:de:tuda-tuprints-201453
Classification DDC: 500 Science and mathematics > 550 Earth sciences and geology
Divisions: 11 Department of Materials and Earth Sciences > Earth Science > Hydrogeology
Date Deposited: 13 Feb 2024 10:43
Last Modified: 21 Jun 2024 07:20
SWORD Depositor: Deep Green
URI: https://tuprints.ulb.tu-darmstadt.de/id/eprint/20145
PPN: 51928111X
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