Nguyen, Van Nam (2013)
Bus Prioritisation in Motorcycle Dependent Cities (MDCs).
Book, Primary publication
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Item Type: | Book | ||||
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Type of entry: | Primary publication | ||||
Title: | Bus Prioritisation in Motorcycle Dependent Cities (MDCs) | ||||
Language: | English | ||||
Referees: | Boltze, Prof. Dr. Manfred ; Maitra, Prof. Dr. Bhargab | ||||
Date: | June 2013 | ||||
Place of Publication: | Technische Universität Darmstadt | ||||
Publisher: | Fachgebiet Verkehrsplanung und Verkehrstechnik | ||||
Series: | V29 | ||||
Date of oral examination: | 23 May 2013 | ||||
Abstract: | In many cities of developing countries, buses are the backbone of public transport. However, most of them are operating in mixed traffic conditions without priority measures and with a number of problems at bus stops, on travel ways, and at traffic signals. Illustrative examples for this situation are motorcycle dependent cities (MDCs) such as Hanoi and Ho Chi Minh City. A lack of bus prioritisation for many years is one of the main causes leading to the poor quality of bus services and the rapid growth of individual motorised traffic in these cities. Consequently, MDCs are facing critical transport problems in terms of traffic accidents, environmental pollution, traffic congestion, and economic loss. To solve that problematic situation, this study presents an integrated approach for prioritising buses in MDCs. The important role of bus services and the necessity of bus prioritisation were justified at first. Then the principle approaches of bus prioritisation were consolidated based on the experience of developed countries. As a subsequent part, existing problems for buses at bus stops, on travel ways, and at traffic signals were determined, and the concept of bus prioritisation was introduced to MDCs. Thereafter, corresponding measures were developed and formulated to solve the mentioned problems. The fundamental effect of the most potential measures was estimated, based on the principles of traffic engineering. To identify the level of effects of promising measures, sensitivity analyses were conducted. The location of on-line bus stops in mixed traffic conditions was identified to have noticeable influences on traffic flow quality of both buses and other vehicles as well as on capacities of intersection approaches involved. For this reason, a significant amount of vehicular delays can be saved and a considerable amount of capacity can be added if the bus stop location is properly selected. This study identified that the impact of a bus stop on capacity and traffic flow quality varies at different positions of the stop, and it is critical within certain ranges close to traffic signals. Outside those ranges, the impact reduces to modest or insignificant levels. Thereby, the determination of those ranges contributes to select a proper bus stop position with respect to the requirements of capacity and traffic flow quality at traffic signals. Based on the results of the sensitivity analysis, a position of bus stops with a distance further than 60 metres from the stop line (for near-side stops) or from the beginning of the downstream intersection (for far-side stops) is recommended for general traffic situation in MDCs. Regarding priority measures for bus travel ways, it is concluded that most of the existing measures such as exclusive bus lanes, bus lanes shared with other modes, and queue jump lanes will be hardly applied to current roadways of MDCs if supportive measures (e.g. traffic rerouting and infrastructure measures) are not given. Thereby, a provision of additional options which enable to prioritise buses on their travel ways will be significant for these cities. From the practical essentials, this study developed two new measures including discontinuous bus lanes and partial dynamic bus lanes. On the one hand, these bus lanes will result in positive effects for buses; on the other hand, their side effects on general traffic will be kept at permissible levels. The sensitivity analysis indicated that these lanes provided the following advantages under heavily loaded traffic conditions: • About 40% of bus delay was reduced in the range of the intersection, • Over 20% of total person delay was saved for the subject direction, and • Delays and number of stops of other vehicles were even improved slightly. Concerning measures for traffic signals, both signal priority and other related measures were proposed for MDCs. While green extension and early green were recommended for signal priority, the improvement of signal programs and control strategies was highly suggested as other important measures for traffic signals. Essentially, the related aspects for bus prioritisation in MDCs were integrated into an application process. The basic steps of this process were established to provide a clear framework for an application of bus prioritisation. To facilitate an efficient implementation of bus prioritisation in these cities, detailed suggestions on the development of potential strategies were provided. In the final part, important results were summarised and the effectiveness of bus prioritisation was affirmed. In addition, the significance of this study and recommendations for further studies were provided at last. This study introduces comprehensive solutions to prioritise buses in the urban road network of MDCs. The results from this study can support the effective application of bus prioritisation in MDCs in the future. |
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Uncontrolled Keywords: | Partial dynamic bus lanes, discontinuous bus lanes, bus lanes, signal priority, bus stops, bus prioritisation, motorcycle dependent cities, Hanoi, Ho Chi Minh City | ||||
URN: | urn:nbn:de:tuda-tuprints-34568 | ||||
Classification DDC: | 600 Technology, medicine, applied sciences > 620 Engineering and machine engineering | ||||
Divisions: | 13 Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Sciences 13 Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Sciences > Institutes of Transportation 13 Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Sciences > Institutes of Transportation > Institute for Transport Planning and Traffic Engineering |
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Date Deposited: | 13 Jun 2013 08:28 | ||||
Last Modified: | 09 Jul 2020 00:28 | ||||
URI: | https://tuprints.ulb.tu-darmstadt.de/id/eprint/3456 | ||||
PPN: | 386275998 | ||||
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