Maier, Holger Andreas (2011)
Nonequilibrium Molecular Dynamics Simulation of the Thermocapillary Effect.
Technische Universität Darmstadt
Ph.D. Thesis, Primary publication
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Nonequilibrium Molecular Dynamics Simulation of the Thermocapillary Effect -
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(Molekulardynamische Nichtgleichgewichtssimulation des thermokapillaren Effekts)
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Nonequilibrium Molecular Dynamics Simulation of the Thermocapillary Effect - Tables -
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(Molekulardynamische Nichtgleichgewichtssimulation des thermokapillaren Effekts - Tabellen)
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Nonequilibrium Molecular Dynamics Simulation of the Thermocapillary Effect - Figures1 -
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(Molekulardynamische Nichtgleichgewichtssimulation des thermokapillaren Effekts - Abbildungen1)
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Nonequilibrium Molecular Dynamics Simulation of the Thermocapillary Effect - Figures2 -
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(Molekulardynamische Nichtgleichgewichtssimulation des thermokapillaren Effekts - Abbildungen2)
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Item Type: | Ph.D. Thesis | ||||
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Type of entry: | Primary publication | ||||
Title: | Nonequilibrium Molecular Dynamics Simulation of the Thermocapillary Effect | ||||
Language: | English | ||||
Referees: | Hampe, Prof. Dr.- Manfred J. ; Bopp, Prof. Dr. Philippe A. | ||||
Date: | 27 September 2011 | ||||
Place of Publication: | Darmstadt | ||||
Date of oral examination: | 16 September 2011 | ||||
Abstract: | A natural convection occurs at lateral spatially variable solid-fluid or liquid-fluid interfaces [probstein1994]. It can play an important role in the transport of heat or mass across such interfaces, e.g. in evaporation or solvent extraction as they are often employed in chemical engineering [sherwood1975]. Model systems of such interfacial systems have been studied by different methods [colinet2001]. A very fundamental method is the usage of so-called molecular dynamics (MD) simulations [allen2003]. They model reality on a system of massive and charged particles (typically chosen so as to represent atoms), between which interparticle forces (chosen so as to represent intra- and intermolecular interactions) act, and solve the particle equations of motion under external constraints, that reproduce its interactions with the surroundings. Such a simulation could be considered as a numerical experiment, since the underlying assumptions are so fundamental that the system should, depending on their approximation of reality, also behave realistic on a larger scale in many situations. We go beyond previous MD simulations of interfacial systems by considering also stationary nonequilibrium situations, which are technically more challenging to implement. An existing model system with liquid-liquid interfaces of Argon-like particles serves us as a starting point [buhn2004], [buhn2006], [bopp2008]. We implement a temperature gradient parallel to the interfaces by thermostating the particles in two opposite regions, so-called boundary regions, of the system to different temperatures. Vortices localise close to the interfaces, with flow from hot to cold on each side along them. These vortices have all the characteristics ascribed to thermocapillary convection, the well-known Marangoni effect [weber1854], [thomson1855], [marangoni1871]. We shall thus assume its underlying effect (more generally known as the Marangoni effect) in action. We then determine in detail the spatial distributions of different observables, that are related to the thermocapillary effect, and study their influences in parameter variations of the simulation system. Its flows depend, among other things, on the temperature gradient, the system geometry, and the viscosity of the liquids. Finally, we compare the local behaviour at liquid-liquid with the one at other types of interfaces, e.g. liquid-gas and solid-fluid. Although the convection at them may differ at first sight, similar relations apply between the local observables as at liquid-liquid interfaces. Hence, we postulate a common underlying effect and make suggestions for further research into it. Probstein R.F. 1994 Physicochemical Hydrodynamics 2nd. ed., John Wiley & Sons, New York Sherwood T.K., Pigford R.L., Wilke C.R. 1975 Mass Transfer, McGraw-Hill, New York Colinet P., Legros J.C., Velarde M.G. 2001 Nonlinear Dynamics of Surface-Tension-Driven Instabilities, Wiley-VCH, Berlin Allen M.P., Tildesley D.J. 2003 Computer Simulation of Liquids, Oxford University Press, Oxford Bopp P.A., Buhn J.B., Maier H.A., Hampe M.J. 2008 Chem. Eng. Communications 195 (11) 1437-1464 Buhn J.B., Bopp P.A., Hampe M.J. 2004 Fluid Phase Equilibria 224 (2) 221-230 Buhn J.B., Bopp P.A., Hampe M.J. 2006 J. Mol. Phys. 125 187-196 Weber E.H. 1854 Berichte über die Verhandlungen der königlich sächsischen Gesellschaft der Wissenschaften; Mathematisch-Physische Classe 1854 57-67 Thomson J. 1855 The London and Edinburgh Philosophical Magazine and Journal of Science 10 330-333 Marangoni C. 1871 Annalen der Physik und Chemie 143 337-354 |
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Uncontrolled Keywords: | Nonequilibrium molecular dynamics simulation, Marangoni convection, biphasic mixture, liquid-liquid interface, Soret effect | ||||
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URN: | urn:nbn:de:tuda-tuprints-27583 | ||||
Classification DDC: | 600 Technology, medicine, applied sciences > 620 Engineering and machine engineering | ||||
Divisions: | 16 Department of Mechanical Engineering > Chair of Thermal Process Engineering (TVT) | ||||
Date Deposited: | 15 Oct 2011 07:06 | ||||
Last Modified: | 08 Jul 2020 23:58 | ||||
URI: | https://tuprints.ulb.tu-darmstadt.de/id/eprint/2758 | ||||
PPN: | 277342414 | ||||
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