Liebau, Nicolas Christopher (2008)
Trusted Accounting in Peer-to-Peer Environments - A Novel Token-based Accounting Scheme for Autonomous Distributed Systems.
Technische Universität Darmstadt
Ph.D. Thesis, Primary publication
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Trusted Accounting in Peer-to-Peer Environments - A Novel Token-based Accounting Scheme for Autonomous Distributed Systems (Appendix) -
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Trusted Accounting in Peer-to-Peer Environments - A Novel Token-based Accounting Scheme for Autonomous Distributed Systems (Main part) -
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Item Type: | Ph.D. Thesis | ||||||
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Type of entry: | Primary publication | ||||||
Title: | Trusted Accounting in Peer-to-Peer Environments - A Novel Token-based Accounting Scheme for Autonomous Distributed Systems | ||||||
Language: | English | ||||||
Referees: | Steinmetz, Prof. Dr.- Ralf | ||||||
Date: | 24 November 2008 | ||||||
Place of Publication: | Darmstadt | ||||||
Date of oral examination: | 21 November 2008 | ||||||
Corresponding Links: | |||||||
Abstract: | Communication systems based on the peer-to-peer (p2p) paradigm present what is likely the most important development in Internet technology in recent years. In spite of the position of p2p systems as the largest source of traffic on the Internet, their commercial success is still limited. The basic tenets of p2p systems are cooperation among peers and completely decentralised communication. However, these can result in nontransparent actions, as well as opportunistic behaviour of the individual peers. Thus, the implementation of commercial p2p applications requires basic mechanisms to record transactions in the systems, i.e. the resource and service consumption, which will be used for charging, incentives, and control. These basic functionalities can be achieved by an accounting system that ideally should be fully distributed in keeping with the p2p spirit of such a system. Furthermore, it needs to be trustworthy so that the system cannot be misused by individual peers or groups of peers for gaining an undue advantage. Therefore, linking distributed accounting with distributed trustworthiness and distributed collaboration control presents a crucial challenge for the advancement of p2p systems. This dissertation researches this challenge by demonstrating the feasibility of fully distributed, trusted accounting in p2p systems with intrinsic automatic cooperation control by presenting and evaluating the token-based accounting scheme. The token-based accounting scheme's framework introduces tokens as a combination of permission objects and receipts. Permission objects grant to peers the right to consume services and resources. When a peer consumes them, it “spends” tokens, and tokens becomes receipts which contain accounting information about the transaction. This process implements effective accounting with intrinsic cooperation control. The token-based accounting scheme's system architecture is composed of four building blocks: Token structure, transaction protocols, token aggregation, and detection of double spending. The token structure ensures the authentication and integrity of accounting information, as well as the non-repudiation of transactions. The trustworthy transaction protocol introduces a novel transaction procedure that removes the benefits of defrauding the transaction partner but does not require the use of a third trusted party. Token aggregation swaps foreign tokens for new own tokens using a truly decentralised trustworthy process. With this process, a quorum of peers establishes a novel distributed basis of trust for p2p systems. This is achieved by applying threshold cryptography in combination with proactive secret sharing and with novel mechanisms that ensure the random selection of the quorum peers. The quorum size affects the scheme's trustworthiness and is determined using a stochastic model. Efficient detection of double spending is enabled by introducing aggregation accounts that store issuing and usage information about tokens. Aggregation accounts are located at third party peers, called account holder sets. Maintenance operations performed on the account holder sets prevent loss of data and ensure consistency of aggregation accounts. Aggregation accounts are protected against attacks and fraud attempts by concealing their location using a novel overlay routing mechanism. By using simulations for several churn scenarios, the required account holder set size is determined. These simulations prove the token-based accounting scheme's efficiency and the robustness of the storage mechanisms. The token-based accounting scheme was simulated in detail by varying the relevant parameters, i.e., quorum size, account holder set size, churn, and system size. The simulation results demonstrate the viability and efficiency of the novel token-based accounting scheme. Its applicability is shown in two application scenarios. |
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Uncontrolled Keywords: | Peer-to-Peer, p2p, decentralised accounting, decentralised trustworthiness, decentralised cooperation control | ||||||
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URN: | urn:nbn:de:tuda-tuprints-11930 | ||||||
Classification DDC: | ?? ddc_dnb_620 ?? | ||||||
Divisions: | ?? fb18_kom ?? | ||||||
Date Deposited: | 27 Nov 2008 09:27 | ||||||
Last Modified: | 08 Jul 2020 23:14 | ||||||
URI: | https://tuprints.ulb.tu-darmstadt.de/id/eprint/1193 | ||||||
PPN: | 207003394 | ||||||
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