For the execution of (e,e') single arm and (e,e'x) coincidence experiments at the superconducting Darmstadt electron linear accelerator S-DALINAC the QCLAM magnetic spectrometer is used. In the work for this thesis, the detector system of this spectrometer was improved and new vertical multi-wire drift chambers with twice as much wires as the previous ones were set up. The readout electronics needed to be modified and were renewed. A new preamplifier card and a new discriminator module had to be build up. The prototypes of these modules were tested. For the system to measure the drift times a new concept was designed. In the second part of the thesis, the investigation of magnetic transitions in 58Ni and 48Ca examined by inclusive, inelastic electron scattering under 180deg is described. For 58Ni, two spectra with excitation energies ranging from 0 MeV to 22 MeV and bombarding energies from 56.6 MeV and 65.4 MeV were taken. This experiment is the starting point for the investigation of the magnetic quadrupole strength distribution over a wide range of excitation energies and for the search for spin dipole strength in 58Ni. For a quantitative analysis further spectra with different bombarding energies have to be taken and analysed. However those two spectra already taken are showing clear hints for an orbital magnetic quadrupole excitation. With the entropy index method, the spectra were analysed for characteristic energy scales. A scale of 200 to 250 keV was seen in all spectra. It could be explained by the coupling between collective one-particle one-hole modes and the more complex two-particle two-hole configurations. At the example of 48Ca the influence of in-medium modifications on transverse formfactors at low momentum transfers was investigated. Therefore the lowest J pi = 4- state at 6.11 MeV and the first J pi = 2- state at 6.89 MeV in 48Ca were examined and the results were compared to RPA and SRPA calculations using different residual interactions. It was shown, that the electron scattering experiments at the 180deg system of the S-DALINAC are sensitiv to such efects. The quantitativ analysis of these effects is strongly model dependent. Whereas one special residual interactions leeds to a reduction of the mass of the rho meson by 10 percent, calculations with another force, which is able to describe the global behavior of magnetic strength in 48Ca very well, don't indicate a need for a reduction of the mass of the rho meson. | English |