Ethylbenzene dehydrogenase is the initial key enzyme of the anaerobic ethylbenzene degradation pathway in denitrifying beta-proteobacterium Aromatoleum aromaticum strain EbN1. The enzyme is a molybdenum enzyme and belongs to DMSO reductase family. It catalyses an oxygen-independent and stereospecific hydroxylation of ethylbenzene to (S)-1-phenylethanol. Until now the anaerobic oxidation of an aromatic hydrocarbon is an unique reaction. In the subsequent ethylbenzene degradation pathway, (S)-1-phenylethanol is oxidised to acetophenone, followed by carboxylation to benzoylacetate. Activation of this compound to the corresponding CoA-thioester by a CoA-ligase and thiolytical cleavage of benzoylacetyl-CoA leads to a central intermediate of anaerobic aromatic-pathway, benzoyl-CoA, and acetyl-CoA. In this work, ethylbenzene dehydrogenase was crystallised and the structure of enzyme was determined. Furthermore, redox active cofactors of the enzyme were specified and redox potentials were identified. A first reaction mechanism was postulated from detailed substrate and inhibition studies. In addition, a vector for cloning genes of ethylbenzene dehydrogenase was constructed to perform future mutation studies. Finally, the enzyme benzoyl-CoA ligase was overproduced recombinantly with a His-tag in Escherichia coli. In detail, the following results were obtained: Ethylbenzene dehydrogenase is a periplasmic enzyme and consists of three subunits, alpha, beta and gamma. The enzyme was crystallised anaerobically and its structure was solved at a resolution of 1,88. The architecture of cofactors is similar to those of respiratory nitrate reductase NarGHI of Escherichia coli. The alpha subunit harbors the catalytic center with one molybdenum, which is coordinated by two molybdopterin guanine dinucleotids, one of which has an unusual open pyrane ring. Electrons are transported via five iron-sulfur clusters (FS0-FS4), one of which (FS0) is located in the alpha subunit while the others (FS1-FS4) are located in the beta subunit. Iron-sulfur cluster (FS0), which is located nearby the active site exhibits an unusual histidine ligand. Terminal electron acceptor is a heme b cofactor, which is located in the gamma subunit. It is the first heme cofactor with methionine and lysine as axial ligands. From the analysis of substrate and inhibitor spectrum and detailed inhibition kinetics studies of new and already known inhibitors of ethylbenzene dehydrogenase new findings concerning the reaction mechanism of enzyme were obtained. Ethylbenzene dehydrogenase is an enzyme, which possesses a broad spectrum of approximately 20 substrates and 22 inhibitors, respectively. Among the inhibitors, both mixed and competitive inhibitors with strong affinity to the active site of the enzyme have been found. Cofactors of ethylbenzene dehydrogenase were analysed in detail via UV-Vis- and electron spin resonance spectroscopy. Thereby, one [3Fe-4S]-cluster, three of four [4Fe-4S]-clusters, one molybdenum cofactor and one heme b cofactor were identified and characterised. In addition, redox potentials of single cofactors of ethylbenzene dehydrogenase were defined. Midpoint redox potentials were determined as +223 mV (MoVI/MoV), +82 mV (MoV/MoIV) for the molybdenum redox pairs; -15 mV (FS1), <-400 mV (FS2), -8 mV (FS3), -70 mV (FS4) for iron-sulfur clusters and +256 mV for heme b. Reduced ethylbenzene dehydrogenase is oxygen-sensitive and looses its activity within a halftime of 7 minutes. Inhibition and spectroscopic studies have proved that the potential oxygen metabolite hydrogen peroxide inactivates the enzyme and damages cofactors of the enzyme. In addition, interaction of nitric oxide with cofactors of ethylbenzene dehydrogenase was demonstrated. For future studies with recombinant ethylbenzene dehydrogenase, a "broad-host-range" hybrid vector has been constructed. Therewith, the genes of ethylbenzene dehydrogenase may be overproduced not only in Escherichia coli but in other organisms like the genus Aromatoleum. To simplify the complex purification scheme of benzoylacetyl-CoA ligase from Aromatoleum aromaticum strain EbN1, the gene of benzoylacetyl-CoA ligase bal was expressed with a C-terminal his-tag in Escherichia coli. The soluble and functionally active benzoylacetyl-CoA ligase can now be purified via affinity chromatography. | English |