The dissertation “New Institutionalism as a Critique of the Economistical Perspective” by Konstanze Senge can be regarded as a theoretical contribution to the status quo and the development of US Organization Studies. Its aim is an analysis of new institutionalism in Sociology. It interprets new institutionalism as being fundamentally and characteristically different compared to the dominant approaches of US Organization Studies. The argument is based on the thesis that US Organization Studies with its dominant approaches - as there are contingency theory, resource dependency theory, population ecology approach, and transaction cost theory - presents itself as a discipline where the economy is of the utmost importance and, at the same time, the core context of reference. As a consequence, society or the societal environment is usually conceptualized as an economic environment. The term “economic environment” implies an analytically distinguished sphere which, primarily, consists of monetary resources and where, primarily, processes of resource adaptation and distribution can be observed. A multicontextual embeddedness of organizations within larger society is not an issue in these approaches. Therefore, US organization studies can be interpreted as an economistical discipline. In contradiction to this economistical perspective, new institutionalism can be understood as an implicit critique of this line of research activity. Because new institutionalism views organizations as being embedded in a variety of social institutional influences which stem from (analytically) different spheres of society, such as the political, the cultural, the societal community, and also the economy. Also new institutionalism sees organizations as important structural features that regulate and influence society, though this causal path does not represent the dominant characteristic of new institutionalism. Through this reorientation, new institutionalism follows an recently emerging appeal, which - in relation with the economic-sociological concept of "social embeddedness“ - demands to bring society back into the field of organization studies. The aim of the dissertation is to demonstrate and analyze this important difference between new institutionalism and the other four dominant approaches of US organization studies. With this focus, the dissertation concentrates on an issue which is of particular importance to the social sciences at large as well as to Sociology and Organization Studies in particular. Because with the critique of the economistically narrowed world view of US organization studies, a central problem of the social sciences is addressed, a problem which is actually debated under the heading “The Economization of the Social Sciences.” What is meant by this is the increasing concentration on economically and administratively relevant questions, which, on the one hand, might lead to recognition in the short run, though, on the other hand, seen in a longer perspective might result into the adoption of the Sociology of Organization and Organization Studies by the disciplines of management and economics (German: “Wirtschaftswissenschaften”). The dissertation does not speak in favor of an sociological conservatism but tries to uncover the taken-for-granted references of the discipline of Organization Studies and offers (in the concluding chapter) some plausible reasons how this economistical focus of research came about. Based on a sociology of knowledge framework it sees the main reason in the emergence and increasing importance of US business schools since the 1970ies, where the science of organizations found its new institutional home. | English |